Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 7 Articles
Aim and Purpose. Biofilms in dental unit waterlines (DUWLs) are extremely difficult to eliminate. Aim of this study is to evaluate\nthe efficacy of a mixture of four D-amino acids on biofilm dispersion in DUWLs. Materials and Methods. A mixture of four\nD-amino acids (D-methionine, D-tryptophan, D-leucine, and D-tyrosine, 10 mM each), distilled water (control), and 0.1 M\nhydrochloric acid (HCl) was used in the experiment. In laboratory, pieces of DUWLs covered with biofilms were submerged in\ndifferent solutions for 5 days, flushed, and measured OD600 of the dispersed biofilms. Remnants of biofilms on the DUWLs were\nevaluated by SEM. In clinic, fifteen DCUs were incubated with test and control solutions, flushed, and measured OD600 of the\ndispersed biofilms. Microbial count of DUWL output water was enumerated twice a week for four weeks. Results. There was\na slight, but not significant, increase in OD600 of flushing water in D-amino acids group. D-amino acids effectively reduced\nbacterial plaque as demonstrated by SEM. Incubation with D-amino acids significantly reduced biofilms especially after the first\nday of flushing. Bacterial count in DUWL output water was significantly reduced after treatment with D-amino acids. Conclusion.\nD-amino acids are applicable as biofilm dispersing agents in DUWLs....
Objectives. To evaluate new mouth rinse containing sea salt, xylitol, and lysozyme on biofilm formation and gingival health in\na group of young adults. Methods. The subjects were divided into two groups of 15 subjects each: control (A) and experimental\ngroup (B). The Turesky modification of Quigley-Hein plaque index was used to evaluate plaque scores while the presence or\nabsence of gingival bleeding was used to determine gingival health. Measurements were done at baseline and at the end of the onemonth\ntrial period by one blinded examiner on six representative teeth. Group (A) maintained standardized oral health practices\nfor the duration of the experiment. In addition, group (B) rinsed with a tablespoon of the provided sea salt mouth rinse for\n30 seconds once in themorning and at night. After the 30-day trial period, subjects in both groups were reassessed as per baseline.\nResults. There were no statistically significant differences in the overall reduction from baseline in the mean plaque and gingivitis\nscores on all surfaces or on individual surfaces. Conclusion. Within the limitations of the study, rinsing with sea salt for thirty days\ndid not affect the gingival and plaque scores in a group of young adults....
Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) is a very rare genetic disorder that affects various tissues of ectodermal and mesodermal origin;\npatients with EVC present with typical oral deficiencies. The affected individuals are quite young at the time of oral evaluation. It\nis, therefore, important that these individuals are diagnosed and receive dental treatment at an early age for their physiologic and\npsychosocial well-being. Albeit there are numerous articles penned on the EVC, the treatise from an oral perspective is inadequate,\ncovering only oral exhibitions and the preventive treatments. This article reviews the literature and serves as the first disquisition\nfor oral rehabilitation of an EVC patient utilizing surgical, orthodontic, restorative, and prosthodontic management....
In this pilot study, a 3D printed Grade V titanium dental implant with a novel dual-stemmed design was investigated for its\nbiocompatibility in vivo. Both dual-stemmed (n 12) and conventional stainless steel conical (n 4) implants were inserted into\nthe tibial metaphysis of New Zealand white rabbits for 3 and 12 weeks and then retrieved with the surrounding bone, fixed,\ndehydrated, and embedded into epoxy resin. The implants were analyzed using correlative histology, microcomputed tomography,\nscanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The histological presence of\nmultinucleated osteoclasts and cuboidal osteoblasts revealed active bone remodeling in the stemmed implant starting at 3 weeks\nand by 12 weeks in the conventional implant. Bone-implant contact values indicated that the stemmed implants supported bone\ngrowth along the implant from the coronal crest at both 3- and 12-week time periods and showed bone growth into microporosities\nof the 3D printed surface after 12 weeks. In some cases, new bone formation was noted in between the stems of the\ndevice. Conventional implants showed mechanical interlocking but did have indications of stress cracking and bone debris. This\nstudy demonstrates the comparable biocompatibility of these 3D printed stemmed implants in rabbits up to 12 weeks....
Introduction. Microfabrication offers opportunities to study surface concepts focused to reduce bacterial adhesion on implants\nusing human minimally invasive rapid screening (hMIRS). Wide information is available about cell/biomaterial interactions using\neukaryotic and prokaryotic cells on surfaces of dental materials with different topographies, but studies using human being are still\nlimited. Objective. To evaluate a synergy of microfabrication and hMIRS to study the bacterial adhesion on micropatterned\nsurfaces for dental materials. Materials and Methods. Micropatterned and flat surfaces on biomedical PDMS disks were produced\nby soft lithography. The hMIRS approach was used to evaluate the total oral bacterial adhesion on PDMS surfaces placed in the\noral cavity of five volunteers (the study was approved by the University Ethical Committee). After 24 h, the disks were analyzed\nusing MTT assay and light microscopy. Results. In the present pilot study, microwell structures were microfabricated on the\nPDMS surface via soft lithography with a spacing of 5 �¼m. Overall, bacterial adhesion did not significantly differ between the flat\nand micropatterned surfaces. However, individual analysis of two subjects showed greater bacterial adhesion on the micropatterned\nsurfaces than on the flat surfaces. Significance. Microfabrication and hMIRS might be implemented to study the\ncell/biomaterial interactions for dental materials....
Cognitive decline is one of the major causes of disability among the aging population. The aim of this study was to explore the\nrelationship between oral health parameters (number of teeth, chewing ability, and presence of a denture) and cognitive function in\nthe elderly across the UAE. Fifty persons (age â�¥ 60; 71.26 �± 10.23) were enrolled in the study. Cognitive status was assessed using the\nstandardized mini-mental state examination (SMMSE) and accordingly, cognitively normal subjects scoring â�¥24were considered as\nthe control group and cognitively impaired individuals scoring â�¤23 were considered as the low scoring group. Chewing ability was\nexamined, number of teeth was noted, and demographical data was collected. The results of this pilot study showed that individuals\nwith low SMMSE scores were significantly less educated (...
Introduction. Minimal attention has been given to the role of salivary microelements, the importance they have in reducing the\nintensity of caries, and the effect of caries prophylaxes. Aim. This research aimed to determine the concentration and quantity of\nZn and its impact on the prevention and the reduction of the intensity of caries in schoolchildren aged 12-13 years with permanent\ndentition. Methods. For this research, we analyzed the stimulated and nonstimulated full saliva of 106 schoolchildren divided into\nthree groups by mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index. The control group consisted of 25 caries-free children, the\nsecond group had 47 children with mean DMFT index of 1 to 6, and the third group had 34 children with DMFT index of � 6.\nComplete saliva was collected from all children in a sterile test tube. Results. The concentration of Zn in saliva before\nstimulation in caries-free children has variations of the order of 0.001+ to 0.01 mmol/l. The maximum concentration after\nstimulation is 6.72 mmol/l, while the maximum value is 64.38 mmol/l. Conclusion. The Zn concentration in the stimulated\nsaliva showed a significant increase in the group of caries-free children and could be described as a positive value for the\nreduction of caries....
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